The β-alanyl-monoamine synthase ebony is regulated by schizophrenia susceptibility gene dysbindin in Drosophila

The Drosophila homolog of schizophrenia susceptibility gene dysbindin(Ddysb)affects a range of behaviors through regulation of multiple neurotransmitter signals,including dopamine activity.To gain insights into mechanisms underlying Ddysb-dependent regulation of dopamine signal,we investigated interaction between Ddysb and Ebony,the Drosophilaβ-alanyl-monoamine synthase involved in dopamine recycling.We found that Ddysb was capable of regulating expression of Ebony in a bi-directional manner and its subcellular distribution.Such regulation is confined to glial cells.The expression level of ebony and its accumulation in glial soma depend positively on Ddysb activity,whereas its distribution in glial processes is bound to be reduced in response to any alterations of Ddysb from the normal control level,either an increase or decrease.An optimal binding ratio between Dysb and Ebony might contribute to such non-linear effects.Thus,Ddysb-dependent regulation of Ebony could be one of the mechanisms that mediate dopamine signal.     

YR-黏和染色体模型初探(下)

我们创建了一个新的染色体模型:YR-黏和染色体模型,30nm螺线管通过JW-梯(或YR-梯)、染色线经螺旋化形成染色体[1].通过包装比、长度的推算、染色体结构的推算、以及碱基对的推算都与实验观测值吻合,确认了YR-黏和模型的可信度.YR-染色体模型能自然、合理地解释所有遗传现象,如交换、着丝粒、全身着丝粒或弥散型着丝粒染色体、同源染色体联会及联会复合体的中央区、多线染色体与膨突、灯刷染色体、染色体分带、姊妹染色体由前期到中期不分开、花粉管会导入外源遗传物质、高等生命是怎样从原始生物进化而来的等等。 Abstract:We provide a chromosome model YR-cohesion chromosome model.30nm solenoid fold and bent through JW-ladder and chromonema spiraling to chromosomeIll.It is checked by this calculation of picked ration,length,chromosomal structure and DNA base pairs,which are all consonant with practical resultsIll.YR-cohesion chromosome model will give a better answer to the questions such as exchange,centromere,holocentromere,synaptonemal complex,polytene chromosome,puff,lampbrush chromosome,chromosome banding,non-segregation of sister chromatid,pollentube pathway and biological evolution.     

对郭德栋主编的中若干问题的商榷

本文参阅有关文献及十多年遗传学教学中所使用的不同版本的教材,对郭德栋主编的<遗传学>教材中的若干问题进行了商榷。 Abstract:Consulted some reference books and textbooks of different versions used over ten years,we are about to discuss some problems in the textbook “Genetics” edited by Guo De-dong in this paper.     

RAPD分析在绢丝昆虫亲缘关系研究中的应用Ⅱ.柞蚕品种间的遗传差异

采用RAPD技术,对5个柞蚕品种的遗传差异进行比较研究.结果表明,所采用的40个随机引物中,有27个引物扩增谱带清晰且重复性较好,扩增总片段数253条,单个引物的扩增片段数在4～16之间,片段大小在0.33～3.0kb之间.不同柞蚕品种间的遗传差异较小,遗传距离(D)在0.066～0.1659之间,根据D值,由UPGMA聚类分析软件绘制了它们的分子进化树。 Abstract:Random amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to analyze the genetic diversity among Antheraea pernyi.The genetic variance of five Antheraea pernyi was studied.The result showed that:27 of 40 arbitrary primers could amplify clear and repeating bands.A total of 262 fragments were obtained.Each primer gave 4~16 bands and the average was 9.7.The length of the band was 0.33~3.0kb.The D value between different breeds of Antheraea pernyi was 0.066~0.1659.The D value was used to construct a dendrogram by UPGMA.     

大鼠部分肝切除前后热激处理对过氧化物酶基因表达的影响

用过氧化物酶原位复性电泳(SDS-POD-PAGE)技术分析了部分肝切除(partial hepatectomy,PH)、部分肝切除后再热激(partial hepatectomyfollowing heat shock,PH-HS)和先热激再部分肝切除(heat shock follow ing partial hepatectomy,HS-PH)后肝再生期间过氧化物酶(POD)基因表达差异,结果表明,PH中表达的POD基因种类(7个)>PH-HS(5个)>HS-PH(3个);三个模型的POD总活性为:HS-PH>PH>PH-HS.根据实验结果推测,POD在肝再生和肝损伤恢复中起一定作用。 Abstract:Expression difference of the peroxidase(POD)genes during liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy(PH),partial hepatectomy following heat shock(PH-HS)and heat shock following partial hepatectomy(HS-PH)was analyzed by POD renatured electrophoresis(SDS-POD-PAGE).The results showed that the expressed POD gene kinds in PH,PH-HS and HS-PH were 7,5 and 3 respectively,and that the total activities of POD in the three models were HS-PH>PH>PH-HS.The results suggested that POD play some roles during liver regeneration and in recovery after liver damage.     

Overexpression of a novel gene , Cms1, can rescue the growth arrest of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mcm10 suppressor

INTRODUCTIONDNA replication is a fundamenial process thatmust occur only once at each ce1l cycle. This restrictcontrol appears to be achieved through the coordi-nated actiVities of numerous proteins. The buddingyeast Saccharompes cerevhaae provides an excellenteukaryotic model fOr study of proteins invo1ved inthe control of DNA replication.In the budding yeast, minichromosome mainte-nance (MCM) proteins, MCM2-7, are a family of strsequence-related proteins that play crucia1 roles inr…     

Costimulation of resting B lymphocytes alters the IL-4-activated IRS2 signaling pathway in a STAT6 independent manner: implications for cell survival and proliferation

INTRODUCTIONThe inappropriate enhancement of lymphocytesurviVal due to a block in programmed cell deathand/or an enhancement of entry into the cell cyclecan contribute to the abnormal expansion of clonesresulting in tumorigenesis or the breakdown of pe-ripheral self-toleranced, 2]. Proper lymphocytehomeostasis is critical for normal immune functionand is maintained by a complex series of cellularinteractions and the action of secreted cytokines.Illterleukin-4 (IL-4), a cytokine produced …     

银杏性别相关分子标记

利用RAPD技术寻找银杏(Ginkgo biloba L.)中与性别相关的分子标记.筛选了1 200个10 bp的随机引物,产生了8 372个RAPD条带.只有S1478产生一条大小为682 bp、雄性特异的分子标记,该分子标记被命名为S1478-682,出现在所有雄性植株中,而所有雌性植株都不具有该分子标记.通过在北京和沈阳种植的银杏植株的RAPD推广验证,说明该分子标记可以用来检测银杏植株的性别.     

An Integrative Taxonomy of Amphibians of Nepal: An Updated Status and Distribution

Amphibians are declining worldwide.At the same time,each year many species of amphibians are described,indicating that biological diversity on Earth remains poorly understood.This is especially true for mountainous regions,such as the Himalayas,which are also regarded as a biodiversity hotspot.However,it is most likely that the current diversity of amphibians in Nepal is highly underestimated.Amphibian inventories by the past researchers primarily used phenotypic characters as the basis for species identification.However,the application of molecular systematics methods to taxonomic studies has successfully uncovered the taxonomic status of several cryptic taxa.This study used both molecular(16 S rDNA sequences)and morphological comparisons and estimated the diversity of amphibians from Nepal.This study reports the occurrence of 38 species of amphibians based on both molecular and morphological comparisons.Among them,three species were recorded for the first time in Nepal.This study also invalids the taxonomic status of Sphaerotheca paschima.This study highlights the importa nce of integrative taxonomic approaches that help to resolve the current taxonomic ambiguities of Nepalese amphibians.     

Trehalose and trehalose-hydrolyzing enzyme in the haemolymph of Locusta migratoria infected with Metarhizium anisopliae strain CQMa102

Topical application of the Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum specialist strain CQMa 102 to the locust Locusta migratoria manilensis results in changes of the concentrations of trehalose and glucose in the haemolymph. Micrographs of the locust haemolymph shows Metarhizium anisopliae can effectivly penetrate the external skeleton of locust and after 2 days infection, the hyphae body will appear in the haemolymph of infected insects. The time in decrease of trehalose concentration coincided with that in increase of trehalose-hydrolysing enzyme activity in the haemolymph of the fungus-infected insects. Overlay gel analysis indicated there was considerably more trehalose-hydrolysing activity in the haemolymph of locusts infected by fungus than in controls. A comparable isoform was identified in in vitro culture of the fungus, suggesting a fungal origin for the in vivo enzyme. Haemolymph trehalose decreased significantly during mycosis of locusts by M. anisopliae. All these results suggested that this fungus may take advantage of competing nutrient utilization against the insect by its trehalose-hydrolyzing enzyme secretion. It may provide fundamental knowledge for fungal pathogenesis.